Multi-agent systems can operate under various (architectures). In centralized networks, a central unit contains the global knowledge base, connects the agents and oversees their information. A strength of this structure is the ease of communication between agents and (uniform) knowledge. A weakness of the centrality is the dependence on the central unit; if it fails, the(entire) system of agents fails.
Decentralized networks
Agents in decentralized networks(share) information with their neighboring agents instead of a global knowledge base. Some benefits of decentralized networks are robustness and modularity. The failure of one agent does not cause the overall system to fail since there is no central unit. One challenge of decentralized agents is(coordinating)their behavior to benefit other cooperating agents.
多智能体系统(MAS)具备多种运行架构,其中集中式与分散式是两类典型模式。集中式架构以核心控制单元为枢纽,该单元拥有统一的全局知识库,负责连接所有智能体并管控信息流转,这种模式的优势是智能体间沟通顺畅、知识体系统一,但存在极强的单点依赖缺陷,一旦中心单元失效,整个多智能体系统将彻底瘫痪。分散式架构则取消了中心控制节点,智能体仅与邻近对象共享信息,无需依托全局知识库,这类架构的鲁棒性与模块化特征突出,单个智能体故障不会引发整体系统崩溃,不过其核心挑战在于如何协调各智能体的行为,确保协作过程中实现群体收益最大化。
本题考察的是多智能体系统(Multi-agent Systems,MAS)中的基本概念及英文术语理解。
语境定位:原句为 “Multi-agent systems can operate under various ____ In centralized networks, a central unit contains the global knowledge base, connects the agents and oversees their information.”。空前 Multi-agent systems can operate under various;空后 In centralized networks a central unit 是判断本空的关键。
答案判断:上下文强调的专业概念是“架构,指多智能体系统可以采用的组织结构”,该词能把前后语义自然衔接起来。因此应选 architectures。
选项辨析:
A. dervices:表示或侧重“dervices 所对应的概念”,但本空需要“架构,指多智能体系统可以采用的组织结构”,语义范围不匹配。
B. architectures:表示“架构,指多智能体系统可以采用的组织结构”,能准确补足本句语义。
C. layer:表示或侧重“layer 所对应的概念”,但本空需要“架构,指多智能体系统可以采用的组织结构”,语义范围不匹配。
D. databases:表示或侧重“databases 所对应的概念”,但本空需要“架构,指多智能体系统可以采用的组织结构”,语义范围不匹配。
因此,选项 B 正确。
