The objective of(问题1)is to determine what parts of the application software will be assigned to what hardware. The major software components of the system being developed have to be identified and then allocated to the various hardware components on which the system will operate. All software systems can be divided into four basic functions. The first is(问题2).Most information systems require data to be stored and retrieved, whether a small file,such as a memo produced by a word processor, or a large database, such as one that stores an organization's accounting records.The second function is the(问题3),the processing required to access data, which often means database queries in Structured Query Language. The third function is the (问题4),which is the logic documented in the DFDs, use cases,and functional requirements.The fourth function is the presentation logic,the display of information to the user and the acceptance of the user's commands.The three primary hardware components of a system are (问题5).
本题考察的是系统架构设计的目标与软件系统的四大基本功能。
问题1:
A选项 architecture design:架构设计旨在确定应用软件的不同部分将运行在哪些硬件组件上,正确。
B选项 modular design:模块化设计关注软件内部模块划分,不是本题所述目标,错误。
C选项 physical design:物理设计涉及系统物理部署,但不是本题强调的初步架构分配,错误。
D选项 distribution design:分布式设计是架构设计的一部分,但范围更窄,错误。
所以选择 A。
问题2:
A选项 data access components:是访问数据的组件,不是存储数据的功能,错误。
B选项 database management system:是实现数据管理的软件,不是功能分类本身,错误。
C选项 data storage:指数据存储功能,符合第一项功能描述,正确。
D选项 data entities:是数据对象的概念,不是功能分类,错误。
所以选择 C。
问题3:
A选项 data persistence:强调数据持久化,与访问逻辑不同,错误。
B选项 data access objects:是访问数据的一种实现模式,不是功能本身,错误。
C选项 database connection:仅指数据库连接机制,范围过窄,错误。
D选项 data access logic:指访问和操作数据的处理逻辑,符合第二项功能描述,正确。
所以选择 D。
问题4:
A选项 system requirements:是需求说明,不是功能类型,错误。
B选项 system architecture:是系统整体结构,不是软件功能类型,错误。
C选项 application logic:指业务逻辑或应用逻辑,符合第三项功能描述,正确。
D选项 application program:指应用程序实体,不是功能分类,错误。
所以选择 C。
问题5:
A选项 computers, cables and network:虽包含网络,但“computers”未明确区分客户端与服务器,错误。
B选项 clients, servers, and network:系统三大主要硬件组件的准确分类,正确。
C选项 CPUs, memories and I/O devices:是硬件内部构件,不是系统架构层面的硬件分类,错误。
D选项 CPUs, hard disks and I/O devices:同上,错误。
所以选择 B。
