The objective of (问题1)is to determine what parts of the application software will be assigned to what hardware.The major software components of the system being developed have to be identified and then allocated to the various hardware components on which the system will operate. All software systems can be divided into four basic functions. The first is(问题2). Most information systems require data to be stored and retrieved,whether a small file,such as a memo produced by a word processor,or a large database,such as one that stores an organization's accounting records. The second function is the (问题3),the processing required to access data,which often means database queries in Structured Query Language. The third function is the (问题4),which is the logic documented in the DFDs,use cases,and functional requirements.The fourth function is the presentation logic,the display of information to the user and the acceptance of the user's commands.The three primary hardware components of a system are (问题5).
本题考察的是系统架构设计与软件功能划分。
问题1解析:
A选项 architecture design:正确。架构设计的目标是确定应用软件的哪些部分运行在何种硬件上,并完成软件构件与硬件构件的分配。
B选项 modular design:强调模块化结构设计,不是此题的核心。
C选项 physical design:指物理部署细节,与整体架构分配不同。
D选项 distribution design:侧重分布式部署策略,不是本题所述的主要目标。
问题2解析:
A选项 data access components:是访问数据的中间组件,不是存储本身。
B选项 database management system:是数据管理的软件,而题干描述的是数据存储功能本身。
C选项 data storage:正确。无论是小文件还是大型数据库,都是数据存储功能的体现。
D选项 data entities:指数据实体,与功能分类不符。
问题3解析:
A选项 data persistence:强调数据持久化,范围比访问逻辑更广,不完全符合。
B选项 data access objects:是一种实现方式,不是功能类别。
C选项 database connection:仅是连接数据库的机制,不等于访问逻辑。
D选项 data access logic:正确。数据访问逻辑是处理访问存储数据的功能,如SQL查询。
问题4解析:
A选项 system requirements:是需求,不是功能逻辑。
B选项 system architecture:是架构设计,不是具体逻辑。
C选项 application logic:正确。应用逻辑是系统的业务处理部分,对应DFD、用例及功能需求。
D选项 application program:是应用程序的实体,不是功能类别。
问题5解析:
A选项 computers, cables and network:不够准确,计算机的分类过于笼统。
B选项 clients, servers, and network:正确。系统三大硬件组成是客户端、服务器和网络。
C选项 CPUs, memories and I/O devices:是硬件部件,不是系统架构硬件构成的逻辑分类。
D选项 CPUs, hard disks and I/O devices:同样是硬件组件细节,不符合题意。
